A recent study by University of Pittsburgh researchers is offering new insights into diabetic foot ulcers, a common and serious complication for individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. These ulcers can lead to amputations and even death, but the new findings could change the way these wounds are assessed and treated.
Dr. Chandan Sen, a leading researcher and director of the McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, refers to diabetic foot ulcers as “invisible wounds.” While current definitions of wound closure, including the FDA’s criteria, focus on the skin’s appearance—specifically when a wound is covered with new skin and shows no discharge for two weeks—Sen argues that this does not account for the skin’s functionality.
In a study involving nearly 400 participants, Dr. Sen and his team used a handheld device to measure water loss from the skin. This “pen-like” device detects the functionality of the skin over a wound, revealing whether the newly formed tissue is functioning properly or is prone to reopening. The research shows that despite appearing healed, these wounds may still lack sufficient barrier function, making them more susceptible to infection and recurrence.
The study highlights the need to redefine “wound closure” to include the restoration of barrier function, not just the appearance of healed skin. Dr. Sen hopes the findings will drive changes in medical policies regarding wound care, ultimately reducing the risk of amputation and improving long-term outcomes for patients.
Jim Bennett, a retired police officer who has struggled with diabetic foot ulcers, shared his personal experience. After developing diabetes in his 40s, Bennett underwent multiple surgeries, including the amputation of six toes. His daily life has been significantly impacted by ongoing wounds and the special footwear required for his condition. Despite his challenges, Bennett remains hopeful that advances in wound care will allow him to return to activities he once enjoyed.
Dr. Sen emphasizes the importance of early intervention. “If you find an ulcer, even a small one, seek medical help immediately,” he said, stressing that proper care is essential to prevent further complications.
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